CAMPING
Although certain groups of people have always lived outdoors in tents, camping as we know it today only began to be (1) about 50 years ago. The increase in the use of cars and improvement in camping (2) have allowed more people to travel longer (3) into the countryside and to stay there in great comfort.
Many campers like to be (4) themselves in quiet areas, so they (5) their tent and food and walk or cycle into the forests or the mountains. Others, preferring to be near people, drive to a public or privately-owned campsite (6) has up-to-date facilities, (7) hot showers and swimming pools.
Whether campers are (8) in the mountains or on a busy site, they should remember to (9) the area clean and tidy. In the forests, they must put out any fires and keep food hidden to avoid attracting (10) animals.
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THE ESCALATOR
An American, Charles D. Seeberger, invented moving stairs to transport people in the 1890s. He (1) this invention an ‘escalator’, (2) the name from the Latin word ‘scala’, (3) means ‘ladder’. Escalators move people up and down short (4) . Lifts do the same, but only move (5) small number of people. If an escalator breaks down, it can still be (6) as ordinary stairs. An escalator can move (7) 8,000 and 9,000 people an hour, and it (8) not need a person to operate it.
Towards the end of the nineteenth century, cities were (9) more crowded and the first escalators were built at railway stations and in big department (10) , so that people could move about more quickly. Today we see escalators everywhere. |
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WILLIAM THE HERO!
Brave William Baldock, who is six years old, is a hero after helping his mother when she fell downstairs. William quickly rang (1) an ambulance when he discovered his mother had broken her leg. In spite of being frightened, he (2) the emergency services what had happened and answered all the questions they asked him. He also telephoned his father (3) work, and then his grandmother, to explain what he had (4) . While waiting for (5) people to come, William looked after his 18-month-old sister.
When ambulance man Steven Lyn went to the house, he was amazed: ‘It’s (6) that a young boy of six knew the right number to (7) , and was able to give us the correct information. (8) of William’s quick thinking, we were able to (9) there immediately.
Mrs Baldock left hospital yesterday, very (10) to both William and the ambulance service. |
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THE HISTORY OF FILM
The world’s first film was shown in 1895 by two French brothers, Louis and Auguste Lumiere. Although it only (1) of short, simple scenes, people loved it and films have (2) popular ever since. The first films were silent, with titles on the screen to (3) the story.
Soon the public had (4) favourite actors and actresses and, in this (5) , the first film stars appeared. In 1927, the first ‘talkie’ film, a film with sound, was shown and from then on, the public (6) only accept this kind of film.
Further improvements continued, particularly in America, (7) produced 95% of all films. With the arrival of television in the 1950s, (8) people went to see films, but in (9) years cinema audiences have grown again. More countries have started to produce films that influence film-making and there are currently (10) national film industries.
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